Cybersecurity frameworks are structured guidelines and best practices designed to help organizations manage and reduce cybersecurity risks. They provide systematic approaches to protecting information and systems from cyber threats, acting as efficient methods to improve overall cybersecurity posture. Choosing a cybersecurity framework to protect data and comply with regulations can be challenging, especially for small and midsize businesses (SMBs) with limited resources. The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) and Cybersecurity Maturity Model Certification (CMMC) each provide security frameworks that uniquely support SMB initiatives. By understanding the critical differences between the two frameworks, organizations can better protect against cyber threats and become more resilient.
Choosing the Right Framework
When deciding between NIST Special Publication (SP) 800-53 and CMMC guidance, SMBs should consider business requirements, compliance needs, and available resources. If a business contracts with the US Department of Defense (DoD), CMMC is mandatory. NIST SP 800-53 provides a comprehensive and adaptable framework for other industries. CMMC focuses on helping protect controlled unclassified information (CUI) in the defense sector, while NIST 800-53 is broader and can help with compliance across various sectors, including healthcare, finance, and energy.
What is NIST SP 800-53?
NIST developed the NIST SP 800-53 risk management framework as a comprehensive set of guidelines for managing and protecting critical information systems. The framework covers a wide range of security controls organized into control families, such as Access Control, Incident Response, and Risk Assessment. NIST offers introductory courses associated with NIST frameworks for those new to risk management.
Implementing NIST SP 800-53
To implement NIST SP 800-53, SMBs should begin by understanding the framework’s various control families and their controls and control enhancements. Next, conduct or hire a third-party assessor to complete a risk assessment to identify risks to critical information systems. Based on this assessment, prioritize the risks and develop a security plan to implement the necessary controls. Once the plan is in place, implement and integrate the controls into daily operations. Finally, monitor the effectiveness of controls and update security measures as needed.
Benefits and Challenges of NIST SP 800-53 for SMBs
NIST SP 800-53 offers comprehensive coverage, providing a wide range of controls covering all aspects of cybersecurity. Its flexibility allows for customizing the framework to fit the specific needs of any organization. As a proven framework, it garners widespread recognition and trust with federal agencies and the private sector alike. The complexity of NIST SP 800-53 can be overwhelming for SMBs with limited resources, and an extensive list of controls can make implementation resource-intensive.
What is CMMC?
The Cybersecurity Maturity Model Certification (CMMC) is a newer framework explicitly designed for DoD contractors, but its principles can be helpful for any organization looking to improve its cyber posture. CMMC is structured around three cybersecurity maturity levels and aligns the requirements at each level with NIST cybersecurity standards. The higher the level, the more advanced the security practices. The Defense Acquisition University (DAU) provides training and education for those interested in CMMC.
Implementing CMMC
Implementing CMMC begins with determining the required maturity level. Identify the CMMC level the organization needs to achieve based on contracts or desired security posture. Conduct a gap analysis or hire a third-party assessor to do so. Compare current practices against the CMMC requirements and identify shortfalls. Develop a remediation plan to address these gaps and achieve the desired maturity level. Apply the necessary practices and document processes required for certification. Prepare for an assessment with an authorized CMMC assessor to certify reaching Level 2 or 3 maturity or self-attest for Level 1.
Benefits and Challenges of CMMC for SMBs
CMMC’s structured approach with maturity levels provides a precise roadmap for improving cybersecurity. Compliance with CMMC is a requirement for doing business with the DoD, making it essential for aspiring government contractors. Protecting CUI from threats prevents costly cyber incidents and loss of business. However, CMMC requires an external assessment for the higher levels, which can be time-consuming and expensive.
Finding Help in RAMPxchange
Choosing between NIST SP 800-53 and CMMC depends on organizational needs, compliance requirements, and available resources. For SMBs that work with the DoD, CMMC may be a more suitable option. For those in other industries, NIST SP 800-53 offers a comprehensive and flexible approach to cybersecurity. Evaluating requirements by assessing current cybersecurity posture and business requirements is an essential first step. Seeking expert advice from cybersecurity professionals can guide you through the process, ensuring a clear plan and allocating the necessary resources for implementation.
For SMBs looking for personalized guidance, RAMPxchange is the cybersecurity marketplace for finding the needed expertise. A dedicated advisor will help identify cybersecurity needs and guide the process from risk assessments to developing and implementing security plans. By leveraging RAMPxchange’s expertise and sourcing vetted and highly rated experts, you can ensure compliance, enhance security measures, and focus more on your core business operations. Contact a RAMPxchange representative today to get started.